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B. What’s the difference between rotation, revolution, and orbit?

GRADE LEVEL: 2-3

OBJECTIVES:
As a result of this activity, students will be able to: 1. Make models to represent the planets in comparative size. 2. Use their models to demonstrate concepts of revolution, rotation and orbit of the planets around the sun. 3. Give definitions of "revolution", "rotation", and "orbit".

In this activity you will need:
  • One yellow punch ball
  • nine balloons of different colors
  • chalk or string to mark orbits
  • resource material to check orbits of the nine planets
Activity steps:
1. Children will blow up a yellow punch ball to its fullest and balloons of nine different colors to sizes representing the nine planets. You could even make a project out of creating the planets via paper mache, etc., but balloons are easiest to use.

2.Take your class outside or go into the gym inside (wherever there is a large space). You will need a large space. Mark off nine paths on the ground or floor with string or chalk.
3. Each student will hold a balloon representing the nine planets. One student will hold the sun (the yellow punch ball).

4. The "sun" stands in the middle of a circle. The other children take their places on the orbits (marked paths). Teacher will need to give each child the name of his/her planet and direct him/her to the correct place.

5. Have the children spin in place to show how the earth rotates on its axis and completes a full day. It takes 24 hours for the earth to make a complete turn on its axis. Keep in mind that other planets rotate on their axis at speeds different from earth.

6. While the children are slowly spinning on the earth’s axis (representing a full day), have someone assist them in orbiting the sun by moving on the marked paths. (Beware of dizziness!) This will demonstrate the number of times the earth must spin on its axis to make a full revolution around the sun (365 ¼ days)..


7. Point out that "rotation" or spinning on one's own axis takes much less time than going all the way around the sun, "revolution."

Attention Teachers and Parents! If you have a favorite activity you play with your child or students, please share them with us! Leave your activities or ideas on the Kid Positive message boards.

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